INSTITUTE OF APPLIED PHYSICS

Research Activities

[Quantum Gas Lab.] Observation of Wall-Vortex Composite Defects in a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate (PRL)

March 11, 2019l Hit 1534

We report the observation of spin domain walls bounded by half-quantum vortices (HQVs) in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate with antiferromagnetic interactions. A spinor condensate is initially prepared in the easy-plane polar phase, and then, suddenly quenched into the easy-axis polar phase. Domain walls are created via the spontaneous Z2 symmetry breaking in the phase transition and the walls dynamically split into composite defects due to snake instability. The end points of the defects are identified as HQVs for the polar order parameter and the mass supercurrent in their proximity is demonstrated using Bragg scattering. In a strong quench regime, we observe that singly charged quantum vortices are formed with the relaxation of free wall-vortex composite defects. Our results demonstrate a nucleation mechanism for composite defects via phase transition dynamics.

Seji Kang, Sang Won Seo, Hiromitsu Takeuchi, and Y. Shin
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 095301 – Published 8 March 2019

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.095301